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guillotine
[,gilə'ti:n]
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danh từ|ngoại động từ|Tất cả
danh từ
máy chém
máy xén (giấy...)
(y học) dao cắt hạch hạnh
phương pháp xén giờ (đối phó với sự trì hoãn việc thông qua một đạo luật bằng cách định giờ thông qua từng phần)
ngoại động từ
chém đầu
xén (giấy...)
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guillotine
[,gilə'ti:n]
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Kỹ thuật
máy cắt tấm
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Từ điển Anh - Anh
guillotine
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guillotine

guillotine (gĭlʹə-tēn, gēʹə-) noun

1. A device consisting of a heavy blade held aloft between upright guides and dropped to behead the victim below.

2. An instrument, such as a paper cutter, similar in action to a guillotine.

verb, transitive

guillotined, guillotining, guillotines

1. To behead with a guillotine.

2. To cut with or as if with a guillotine.

 

[French, after Joseph Ignace Guillotin (1738-1814), French physician.]

Word History: "At half past 12 the guillotine severed her head from her body." So reads the statement containing the first recorded use of guillotine in English, found in the Annual Register of 1793. The word occurs in a context clearly illustrating the function of the guillotine,"a machine with a heavy blade that falls freely between upright guides to behead a condemned person." Ironically, the guillotine, which became the most notable symbol of the excesses of the French Revolution, was named for a humanitarian physician, Joseph Ignace Guillotin. Guillotin, a member of the French Constituent Assembly, recommended in a speech to that body on October 10, 1789, that executions be performed by a beheading device rather than by hanging, the method used for commoners, or by the sword, reserved for the nobility. He argued that beheading by machine was quicker and less painful than the work of the rope and the sword. In 1791 the Assembly did indeed adopt beheading by machine as the state's preferred method of execution. A beheading device designed by Dr. Antoine Louis, secretary of the College of Surgeons, was first used on April 25, 1792, to execute a highwayman named Pelletier or Peletier. The device was called a louisette or louison after its inventor's name, but because of Guillotin's famous speech, his name became irrevocably associated with the machine. After Guillotin's death in 1814, his children tried unsuccessfully to get the device's name changed. When their efforts failed, they were allowed to change their name instead.

Đồng nghĩa - Phản nghĩa
guillotine
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guillotine
guillotine (v)
behead, decapitate, execute, kill