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Bolshevik
['bɔl∫ivik]
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danh từ
người Bôn-sê-vích; đảng viên đảng cộng sản Liên xô
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Bolshevik
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Bolshevik

Bolshevik (bōlʹshə-vĭk, bŏlʹ-) noun

plural Bolsheviks or Bolsheviki (-vēʹkē)

1. a. A member of the left-wing majority group of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party that adopted Lenin's theses on party organization in 1903. b. A member of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party that seized power in that country in November 1917. c. A member of a Marxist-Leninist party or a supporter of one; a Communist. Also called Bolshevist.

2. Often bolshevik An extreme radical: a literary bolshevik.

 

[Russian Bol'shevik, from bol'she comparative of bol'shoĭ, large.]

Bolʹshevik adjective

Word History: The word Bolshevik, an emotionally charged term in English, is derived from a very common word in Russian, bol'she,"bigger, more," the comparative form of bol'shoĭ,"big." The name Bol'shevik was given to the faction in the majority at the Second Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party in 1903 (the term is first recorded in English in 1907). The smaller faction was known as Men'sheviki, from men'she,"less, smaller," the comparative of malyĭ,"little, few." The Bol'sheviki, who sided with Lenin in the split that followed the Congress, subsequently became the Russian Communist Party. In 1952 the word Bol'shevik was dropped as an official term in the Soviet Union, but it had long since passed into other languages, including English. It had even spawned the slang term bolshie, though there is no menshie.